Method of burning gas



Patented Sept. 27, 1932 UNITED STATES .PATE

NT OFFICE CHARLES J. SCHIFFERLE, 0F OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TOHARRY R.

srnurnnns,

OF BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA METHOD OF BURNING GAS I Original applicationfiled August 9, 1930, Serial No. 474,134. Divided and this applicationfiled December 15, 1930. Serial No. 502,299.

This is a division of my co-pending application, Serial Number 474,134t,filed August 9 1930. v I My invention relates to a method of burninggas, and particularly to a method for effecting the proper combustion ofnatural gas. 7 7 It is among the objects of my inventlon to providemeans whereby natural gas may be efiiciently burned in a burner designedfor use with artificial or producer gas.

Another object of the provision of means for thoroughly mixing airwith amoving column of gas.

Further objects of my invention include "t e provision of for a givenset of condit-lons, suificient air is entrained by to supportcombustion.

he invention possesses numerous other objects and which, with theforegoing, in the following description It is to be myself to thisdisclosure invention, ments thereof within the scope of the claims.

Referring to the drawing:

will beset forth of my invention.

of species of my Figure l is a side elevational view of a gas burner tipfor carrying out the method embodying my invention; portions of anordinary stove burner mixing chamber are shown to indicate the operativerelationship. 7

Figure 2 is an enlarged view, elevation and partly in vertical section,showmg the burner tip construction; and

Figure 3 is an end view of the same.

Figure 4 is an enlarged elevational viewof a burner tip showing amodification of my invention; portions of the view are in verticalsection to show the construction; and v Figure 5 is an end view of thesame. Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation,showing the burner tipof my invention with a needle valve adjustment.

Figure 7 is a plan view showing a gas my invention includes means forregulating and controlling the amount of air mixed withfeatures ofadvantage, some of understood that I do not limit a being substantiallytwice thatof an equivaas I may adopt variant embodipartly in ing gas ina plurality of converging streams.

burner, and illustrates another embodiment of my invention; and

Figure 8 is a side elevation Figure 9 is a planview of incorporatinganother embodiment of my invention; and I 7 igure 10 is a verticalsectional view of the burner tip, taken in a plane indicated by thelines l0-l0 of Figures 7 and 9. r

In many localities, and particularly on the Pacific coast in the UnitedStates, the artificialor producer gas which has been in :com-

' being replaced with natural gas.

of the same.

The

burners in use, however, are designed for use any attempts made to themmeet with serilent amount of artificialgas under thesame conditions.This inherent difference between ural gas in an artificial gas burner,due largel ly to the inability of the burner to supply suliicient air tosupport combustion.

The broad object of my invention is to pro vide means for and make itpossible to utilize the burners which had previously been in use inconjunction with the artificial gas;

In terms of broad inclusion, the method of embodying my inventionpreferably comprises an inlet duct for feeding thegas to be burned; aplurality provided inthe duct for directing the overcoming thesedilliculties,

of discharge outlets be-:

ural gas is lflCliLl gas,

artificial gas stove burner 7. shown in con unction with a particulartype of burner, it is to be understood that the up may be used to equaladvantage in other types of burners.

As best shown in 2 is provided with a charge end of the tip. chargeopenings 9, two purposes of illustration, are provided in the tip head8, and are preferably disposed at equal distances from the center of thehead. The head 8 is of any suitable formable material, such as brass orcopper, so that the curvature of the head depression may be va- Figure2, the burner tip head 8 coveringv the dis- A plurality of disbeingshown for the ried to adjust the angle between the discharge outlets 9.

In making the tips either a sion, the tip is installed in a burner, thedepression may be formed by any suitable tool to provide the properangle between the discharge outlets. This angle will vary for differenttypes of burners, depending upon the shape characteristics of the.burner and its mixing chamber. For burners having long mixing chambersthe angle between the discharge outlets mixing chambers.

As the gas flows from the outlets 9 it is directed in two convergngstreams; the focus of these streams depending upon the angularrelationship between the outlets. ,After conslight depres- "verging, thetwo streams continue to the burner proper as a single column of gas. Atthe oint of convergence, or focus, however, considerable turbulencetakes place. This turbulence operates to thoroughly mix the air and gas,so that sufficient air is entrained by the gas to support combustion.

In the ordinary artificial gas burner, a tip having a single dischargeorifice is employed. As the gas flows from this orifice it moves in acontinuous stream, and the only air entrained is that which mixes withsurface portions of the stream. The core of the stream is completely mixwith air. For artificial gas this mixture is suificient, due to thecomparatively low heat value of this gas.

On the otherhand, the heat value of natsubstantially twice that ofartiand, since about twice as much air is needed to support combustionas compared with the artificial gas, the single orifice tip does notprovide 'suflicient air mixbe adjusted by may conveniently orno'depression is provided; and when 9 will be less than for shortercouplings 18 connected to a duct mounte discharge. outlet 23, is

enveloped, and does not ture. In applicants tip the plurality ofstreams, converging into the single column under turbulent conditions,operate to mix the air, not only with the surface portions of theresultant column of gas, but also well into its core. Greater agitation,and consequently a more complete mixture with air and a lessersubsequent velocity of the united column ofgas, results as the anglebetween the converging streams is increased, and Vice versa. Therefore,for a short mixing chamber, such as in the front burner of a stove, agreater angle of convergence is desirable; while for alonger mixingchamber, such as in the rear burner of a stove, a lesser angle ofconvergence is more effective.

Figures 4 and 5 show a variant construction ofmy gas burner tip. In thiscase, the head 8 is indented and provided, adjacent its sides, with thecrimps 11, one on each side of the discharge outlets 9. By thisconstruction the angle between the outlets may spreading, or squeezingtogether the crimped end of the tip. This be effected by any suitabletool, such as a pair of pliers. e V For thepurpose of permitting a finerad- .justment of the gas t1ow,an arrangement such as that shown inFigure 6 may be employed. The inner end of the tip 2 is threaded on thegas duct 3conne'cted with an ordinary cook 12. A- partition 13 having acentral aperture 1 is provided in the tip 2 for registration with aneedle point 16 projecting from the end of the duct 3. This provides aneedle valve control for theinfiowing gas and, by merely turning the tip2, a fine adjustment is attained. Q

A modification of my invention is shown in Figures 7 and 8. In aplurality of adjustable ducts 17, two being shown forpurposes ofillustration, are pivotally mounted on the'end of the inlet duct 3; thismounting being-effected by the rotary cross 19. The outer ends of theadjust-ably mounted ducts 17 are provided with'the rotary couplings 21disposed with their axis of rotation parallel with the axis of rotarycouplings 18.

' Atip 22, having an eccentrically arranged adjustably threaded intoeach of the rotary couplings 21. As the gas streams from these outletsit is directed towards a focus, depending upon the relative positions ofthe outlets. By swinging the adjustable ducts 17 back and forth,byrotating the tip couplings 21, and by turning the tips 22 to' vary thepositions of the eccentrically arranged outlets 23, the convergence ofthe discharging gas streams maybe readily controlled. A' turnbuckleconnecting rod 24 is preferably provided for holding the ducts 17 inadjusted position.

The turbulence resulting from the conflicting streams provides adequateair mixture. Not only does the adjustment'of the converging streamsprovide a control for adjusting the air mixture, but it also providesmeans for varying the shape factor of the resulting flame. If thestreams meet at a point focus,

or substantially so, the resultant flow will be largely in a column,while if the two streams intersect only partially the resultant flowwill be fan shaped. The elongated or column flow is best suited for longfire boxes, while the spread or fan shaped flow is best suited for shortfire boxes where it is desirstreams to a position where sufficient airis entrained by the gas to support combustion.

2. The method of controlling the shape of a gas flame, which comprisesdirecting the gas in a plurality of converging streams, and adjustingthe stream axes relative to the amount of their separation at the pointwhere the streams cross to selectively fix the amount of intersection ofsaid streams.

3. The method of conditioning a gas for burning and controlling theshape of a gas flame, which comprises directing the gas in a pluralityof-converging streams so that the streams intersect at a focus, andadjusting the focus of said streams to a position where sufficient airis entrained by the gas to support combustion and adjusting the streamaxes relative tothe amount of their separation at the point where thestreams cross to selectively fix the amount of intersection of saidstreams.

In testimony whereof, I havehereunto set my hand. Y 7

CHARLES J. SCHIFFERLE.

' heated in the chamber its heat value per unit volume is reduced whileits pressure is maintained; this increases the burnlng properties of thegas as fully described in my co-pending application, Serial No. 467,172,filed July Another embodiment of my invention is shown in Figure 9. Theburner proper is of substantially the same construction as that shown inFigures 7 and 8. In this instance, however, means are shown forinjecting air into the focus of the converging gas streams.

An air nozzle 28 secured to a T 29 of the burner, communicates witha'suitable source of air pressure thru the pipe line 31.

This arrangement is particularly adapted for use in long fire boxes,because, the discharge outlets in the burner tips may be adjusted toeffect a small angle of convergence to provide a resultant fast movingcolumn,

7 capable of reaching all portions of the fire box. By injecting airinto the focus of these converging streams sufiicient air is entrainedby the gas, including that making up the core of the gas column, tosupport combustion. This permits effective and efiicient burning alongthe length of the gas column; and over comes the previous troublesexperienced with long column gas burners, due to the fact that firstignition along the gas columnenveloped a pure gas core with burned gaseswhich prevented further air mixture and subsequent combustion. In myburner suflicient air is entrained prior to first combustion.

I claim: V

1. The method of conditioning a gas for burning, which comprisespreheating the gas, directing the preheated gas in a plurality of leaconverging'streams so that the streams intersect at a focus,andadjusting the focus of said

